In this tutorial
you will learn how to create a Struts hello world application in eclipse. First
create a new project, go to File->New and select DynamicWebProject.
Enter the project
name and click the Finish button.
Add the following
jar files to the WEB-INF\lib directory.
Right click the src
folder and select New->Package.
Enter the package name as com.vaannila.form and click Finish.
Now right click the
newly created package and select New->Class.
Enter the class name as HelloWorldForm and the superclass name asorg.apache.struts.action.ActionForm and click Finish.
In the
HelloWorldForm class add the following code.
01.package com.vaannila.form;
02.
03.import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
04.
05.public class HelloWorldForm extends ActionForm {
06.
07.private static final long serialVersionUID =
-473562596852452021L;
08.
09.private String message;
10.
11.public String getMessage() {
12.return message;
13.}
14.
15.public void setMessage(String message) {
16.this.message = message;
17.}
18.}
In the same way create a new package com.vaannila.action and create a HelloWorldAction class extending org.apache.struts.action.Action. Add the following
code to the action class and save it.
01.package com.vaannila.action;
02.
03.import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
04.import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
05.
06.import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
07.import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
08.import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
09.import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
10.
11.import com.vaannila.form.HelloWorldForm;
12.
13.public class HelloWorldAction extends Action {
14.
15.@Override
16.public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throwsException {
17.HelloWorldForm hwForm
= (HelloWorldForm) form;
18.hwForm.setMessage("Hello
World");
19.return mapping.findForward("success");
20.}
21.}
Here we typecast the ActionForm to HelloWorldForm and set the message value.
Add the following entries in the struts-config.xml file.
01.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
02.
03.<!DOCTYPE
struts-config PUBLIC
04."-//Apache
Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN"
06.
07.<struts-config>
08.
09.<form-beans>
10.<form-bean name="helloWorldForm"type="com.vaannila.form.HelloWorldForm"/>
11.</form-beans>
12.
13.<global-forwards>
14.<forward name="helloWorld" path="/helloWorld.do"/>
15.</global-forwards>
16.
17.<action-mappings>
18.<action path="/helloWorld"type="com.vaannila.action.HelloWorldAction" name="helloWorldForm">
19.<forward name="success" path="/helloWorld.jsp" />
20.</action>
21.</action-mappings>
22.
23.</struts-config>
Now configure the deployment
descriptor. Add the following configuration information in the web.xmlfile.
01.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
02.<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaeehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID"version="2.5">
03.<display-name>StrutsExample1</display-name>
04.
05.<servlet>
06.<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
07.<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
08.<init-param>
09.<param-name>config</param-name>
10.<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
11.</init-param>
12.<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
13.</servlet>
14.
15.<servlet-mapping>
16.<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
17.<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
18.</servlet-mapping>
19.
20.<welcome-file-list>
21.<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
22.</welcome-file-list>
23.</web-app>
When we run the application the
index.jsp page will be executed first. In the index.jsp page we redirect the request to the helloWorld.do URI, which inturn invokes the HelloWorldAction.
2.<logic:redirect forward="helloWorld"/>
In the action class we return the
ActionForward "success" which is
mapped to the helloWorld.jsppage. In the helloWorld.jsp page we display the "Hello World" message.
02.<html>
03.<head>
04.<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
charset=ISO-8859-1">
05.<title>Hello World</title>
06.</head>
07.<body>
08.<bean:write name="helloWorldForm" property="message"/>
09.</body>
10.</html>
After creating all
the files the directory structure of the application looks like this.
