HR Round Interview Questions for all streams Part- 1

50 COMMON INTERVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

[Don’t forget to have a look at free bonus at the end of this document.]

Review these typical interview questions and think about how you would answer them. Read

the questions listed; you will also find some strategy suggestions with it.

1. Tell me about yourself:

The most often asked question in interviews. You need to have a short statement prepared

in your mind. Be careful that it does not sound rehearsed. Limit it to work-related items

unless instructed otherwise. Talk about things you have done and jobs you have held that

relate to the position you are interviewing for. Start with the item farthest back and work up

to the present.

2. Why did you leave your last job?

Stay positive regardless of the circumstances. Never refer to a major problem with

management and never speak ill of supervisors, co-workers or the organization. If you do,

you will be the one looking bad. Keep smiling and talk about leaving for a positive reason

such as an opportunity, a chance to do something special or other forward-looking reasons.

3. What experience do you have in this field?

Speak about specifics that relate to the position you are applying for. If you do not have

specific experience, get as close as you can.

4. Do you consider yourself successful?

You should always answer yes and briefly explain why. A good explanation is that you have

set goals, and you have met some and are on track to achieve the others.

5. What do co-workers say about you?

Be prepared with a quote or two from co-workers. Either a specific statement or a

paraphrase will work. Jill Clark, a co-worker at Smith Company, always said I was the

hardest workers she had ever known. It is as powerful as Jill having said it at the interview

herself.

6. What do you know about this organization?

This question is one reason to do some research on the organization before the interview.

Find out where they have been and where they are going. What are the current issues and

who are the major players?

7. What have you done to improve your knowledge in the last year?

Try to include improvement activities that relate to the job. A wide variety of activities can

be mentioned as positive self-improvement. Have some good ones handy to mention.

8. Are you applying for other jobs?

Be honest but do not spend a lot of time in this area. Keep the focus on this job and what

you can do for this organization. Anything else is a distraction.

9. Why do you want to work for this organization?

50 Common Interview Questions and Answers

This may take some thought and certainly, should be based on the research you have done

on the organization. Sincerity is extremely important here and will easily be sensed. Relate

it to your long-term career goals.

10. Do you know anyone who works for us?

Be aware of the policy on relatives working for the organization. This can affect your answer

even though they asked about friends not relatives. Be careful to mention a friend only if

they are well thought of.

11. What kind of salary do you need?

A loaded question. A nasty little game that you will probably lose if you answer first. So, do

not answer it. Instead, say something like, That's a tough question. Can you tell me the

range for this position? In most cases, the interviewer, taken off guard, will tell you. If not,

say that it can depend on the details of the job. Then give a wide range.

12. Are you a team player?

You are, of course, a team player. Be sure to have examples ready. Specifics that show you

often perform for the good of the team rather than for yourself are good evidence of your

team attitude. Do not brag, just say it in a matter-of-fact tone. This is a key point.

13. How long would you expect to work for us if hired?

Specifics here are not good. Something like this should work: I'd like it to be a long time. Or

As long as we both feel I'm doing a good job.

14. Have you ever had to fire anyone? How did you feel about that?

This is serious. Do not make light of it or in any way seem like you like to fire people. At the

same time, you will do it when it is the right thing to do. When it comes to the organization

versus the individual who has created a harmful situation, you will protect the organization.

Remember firing is not the same as layoff or reduction in force.

15. What is your philosophy towards work?

The interviewer is not looking for a long or flowery dissertation here. Do you have strong

feelings that the job gets done? Yes. That's the type of answer that works best here. Short

and positive, showing a benefit to the organization.

16. If you had enough money to retire right now, would you?

Answer yes if you would. But since you need to work, this is the type of work you prefer. Do

not say yes if you do not mean it.

17. Have you ever been asked to leave a position?

If you have not, say no. If you have, be honest, brief and avoid saying negative things

about the people or organization involved.

18. Explain how you would be an asset to this organization

You should be anxious for this question. It gives you a chance to highlight your best points

as they relate to the position being discussed. Give a little advance thought to this

relationship.

19. Why should we hire you?

Point out how your assets meet what the organization needs. Do not mention any other

candidates to make a comparison.

50 Common Interview Questions and Answers

20. Tell me about a suggestion you have made

Have a good one ready. Be sure and use a suggestion that was accepted and was then

considered successful. One related to the type of work applied for is a real plus.

21. What irritates you about co-workers?

This is a trap question. Think real hard but fail to come up with anything that irritates you.

A short statement that you seem to get along with folks is great.

22. What is your greatest strength?

Numerous answers are good, just stay positive. A few good examples:

Your ability to prioritize, Your problem-solving skills, Your ability to work under pressure,

Your ability to focus on projects, Your professional expertise, Your leadership skills, Your

positive attitude .

23. Tell me about your dream job.

Stay away from a specific job. You cannot win. If you say the job you are contending for is

it, you strain credibility. If you say another job is it, you plant the suspicion that you will be

dissatisfied with this position if hired. The best is to stay genetic and say something like: A

job where I love the work, like the people, can contribute and can't wait to get to work.

24. Why do you think you would do well at this job?

Give several reasons and include skills, experience and interest.

25. What are you looking for in a job?

See answer # 23

26. What kind of person would you refuse to work with?

Do not be trivial. It would take disloyalty to the organization, violence or lawbreaking to get

you to object. Minor objections will label you as a whiner.

27. What is more important to you: the money or the work?

Money is always important, but the work is the most important. There is no better answer.

28. What would your previous supervisor say your strongest point is?

There are numerous good possibilities:

Loyalty, Energy, Positive attitude, Leadership, Team player, Expertise, Initiative, Patience,

Hard work, Creativity, Problem solver

29. Tell me about a problem you had with a supervisor

Biggest trap of all. This is a test to see if you will speak ill of your boss. If you fall for it and

tell about a problem with a former boss, you may well below the interview right there. Stay

positive and develop a poor memory about any trouble with a supervisor.

30. What has disappointed you about a job?

Don't get trivial or negative. Safe areas are few but can include:

Not enough of a challenge. You were laid off in a reduction Company did not win a contract,

which would have given you more responsibility.

31. Tell me about your ability to work under pressure.

50 Common Interview Questions and Answers

You may say that you thrive under certain types of pressure. Give an example that relates

to the type of position applied for.

32. Do your skills match this job or another job more closely?

Probably this one. Do not give fuel to the suspicion that you may want another job more

than this one.

33. What motivates you to do your best on the job?

This is a personal trait that only you can say, but good examples are:

Challenge, Achievement, Recognition

34. Are you willing to work overtime? Nights? Weekends?

This is up to you. Be totally honest.

35. How would you know you were successful on this job?

Several ways are good measures:

You set high standards for yourself and meet them. Your outcomes are a success.Your boss

tell you that you are successful

36. Would you be willing to relocate if required?

You should be clear on this with your family prior to the interview if you think there is a

chance it may come up. Do not say yes just to get the job if the real answer is no. This can

create a lot of problems later on in your career. Be honest at this point and save yourself

future grief.

37. Are you willing to put the interests of the organization ahead of your own?

This is a straight loyalty and dedication question. Do not worry about the deep ethical and

philosophical implications. Just say yes.

38. Describe your management style.

Try to avoid labels. Some of the more common labels, like progressive, salesman or

consensus, can have several meanings or descriptions depending on which management

expert you listen to. The situational style is safe, because it says you will manage according

to the situation, instead of one size fits all.

39. What have you learned from mistakes on the job?

Here you have to come up with something or you strain credibility. Make it small, well

intentioned mistake with a positive lesson learned. An example would be working too far

ahead of colleagues on a project and thus throwing coordination off.

40. Do you have any blind spots?

Trick question. If you know about blind spots, they are no longer blind spots. Do not reveal

any personal areas of concern here. Let them do their own discovery on your bad points. Do

not hand it to them.

41. If you were hiring a person for this job, what would you look for?

Be careful to mention traits that are needed and that you have.

42. Do you think you are overqualified for this position?

Regardless of your qualifications, state that you are very well qualified for the position.

50 Common Interview Questions and Answers

43. How do you propose to compensate for your lack of experience?

First, if you have experience that the interviewer does not know about, bring that up: Then,

point out (if true) that you are a hard working quick learner.

44. What qualities do you look for in a boss?

Be generic and positive. Safe qualities are knowledgeable, a sense of humor, fair, loyal to

subordinates and holder of high standards. All bosses think they have these traits.

45. Tell me about a time when you helped resolve a dispute between others.

Pick a specific incident. Concentrate on your problem solving technique and not the dispute

you settled.

46. What position do you prefer on a team working on a project?

Be honest. If you are comfortable in different roles, point that out.

47. Describe your work ethic.

Emphasize benefits to the organization. Things like, determination to get the job done and

work hard but enjoy your work are good.

48. What has been your biggest professional disappointment?

Be sure that you refer to something that was beyond your control. Show acceptance and no

negative feelings.

49. Tell me about the most fun you have had on the job.

Talk about having fun by accomplishing something for the organization.

50. Do you have any questions for me?

Always have some questions prepared. Questions prepared where you will be an asset to

the organization are good. How soon will I be able to be productive? and What type of

projects will I be able to assist on? are examples.

1) Explain your project architecture?

-Any enterprise application will have the following logical partitions (Tiers).

1. Client Tier

2. Present Tier

3. Business Tier

4. Persistent Tier (Integration)

5. Data Tier (Database)

-Tier is nothing but a division or part.

-All java developers are developing presentation tier, business tier and persistent tier only

browser Struts,JSF,springMVC SpringAOP Hibernate,JPA,ibatis,spring

Database

Ejb entity beans

Ejb session beans

Servlets, jsp

Client tier

.cl

Client Tier Presentation Business tier Persistent tier Data tier

-User interaction is only with client tier only not any of the tiers.

-servlets and jsp’s are used to develop presentation tier.

-presentation tier provides the services to business tier.

-client tier is nothing but user interaction layer.

-Database accessing logic or data accessing from database is nothing but persisting tier.

2)what is Singleton desing pattern? Explain?

A: The java class which allows to create only one object per JVM is called Singleton design pattern.

Instead of creating multiple objects for a class having same data recommended to create only one object and use it for multiple number of times. So that object creation and destruction time will not be wasted.

Most of the jdbc driver class are designed as Singleton java classes.

public class STest{

private static STest s=null;

private Stest()

{

System.out.println(“constructor”);

}

//Factory method

public static STest create(){

if(s==null)

s=new STest();

return s;

}

public static void main(String []args){

create();

}

3) What is DAO design pattern?

A: In DAO approach, all possible data accessing operations are centralized in a few java classes. All business tier java classes make use of these DAO classes to get persitence(database) services.

//MyDAO.java(user defined interface)

public interface MyDAO{

java.sql.Connection getConnection();

}

//BaseDAO.java

Import java.sql.*;

Import javax.sql.*;

Public class BaseDAO implements MyDAO {

Static DataSource ds;

Static {

try{

InitialContext ctx=new InitialContext();

Ds=(DataSource)ctx.lookup(“jndi name”);

System.out.println(“Base dao looked up”);

}

Catch(Exception e){

e.printStackTrace();

}

public Connection getConnection(){

Connection con=null;

try{

con=ds.getConnection();

}

catch(SQLException e){ }

return con;

}

4) What are the toplevel class modifiers?

A: public , <default>, abstract, final, strictfp.

5) What is strictfp?

A: strict float point

This key word can apply for the classes and methods.

If a method declared as the strictfp all the floating point calculations inside that method has to follow ‘IEEE754’ standards so that we will get platform independent results.

If a class declared as the strictfp, all concreate methods in that class has to follow ‘IEEE754’ standards for floating point calculations. Abstract and strictfp combination is illegal for methods but is legal combination for the classes.

6) What is synchronized?

A: synchronized is the keyword, which can be applied for the methods as well as blocks.

If a method is declared as synchronized at a time only one thread is allowed to perform execution on the given object.

The advantage of synchronized keyword is we can achieve security and we can prevent data curruption.

But the major disadvantage of synchronized keyword is loss of performance.

7) Explain the exception classes hierarchy?

Object

Throwable

Error Exception

1.VirtualMachineError RuntimeException

OutofMemoryError ArithmaticException

StackOverFlowError NullPointerException

2.LinkageError IllegalStateException

VerifyError ClassCastException

3.AssertionError IllegalArgumentException

IndexOutOfBoundsException ArrayIndexOutofBoundsException

StringIndexOutofboundsException

SQLException

RemoteException

ClassNotFoundException

IOException

EndOfFileException

FileNotFoundException

InterruptedIOException

Checked Vs unchecked Exceptions:

Exceptions are of two types. 1. Checked Exception and 2. Unchecked Exception.

The exceptions which are checked by the compiler for smooth execution of program at runtime are called checked exceptions.

The exceptions which are unable to checked by the compiler are called unchecked exceptions.

Checked exceptions should either be declared in throws clause or caught in catch block.

Unchecked exceptions need not be declared in throws clause but can be caught in catch block.

RuntimeException and its child classes , Error and its child classes are unchecked Exceptions. While the remaining all are called checked exceptions.

8) Difference between finally and finalise?

the cleanup code, we have to keep inside finally block because irrespective of exception occurred or not handled or not handled, the finally block will always execute.

It is highly recommended to keep cleanup code inside finally block instead of finalize() method.

The finally block will always execute except the place where the JVM got shutdown. We can shutdown the JVM by calling “System.exit(0); method.

Once Garbage Collection identifies an object eligible for GC, it calls finalize() method on that object just before destroying.

The finalize() method contains cleanup code.

Object class contains finalize() method with the following signature.

Protected void finalize() throws Throwable.

When the Garbage Collector will run and whether it can destroy our object or not, we can’t give any assurance. Hence when compared with finalize() , finally block is always preferable for maintaining cleanup code.

While executing finalize() if any exception raising we can catch that exception by using try-catch. If any exception is uncaught that exception is simply ignored by the jvm, but the remaining statements inside finalize() will not execute.

We are allowed to called finalize() method explicitly. At that time if any exception is raising, we should handle that exception, otherwise abnormal termination.

9) What is multithreading and how many ways threads are create?

Executing several tasks simultaneously, where each task is a separate independent part of the same program. That independent program is called Thread.

Servlets follows Thread based multi threading.

Java itself provide support for multi threading by introducing several library classes.

Purpose of Multi threading is to utilize the maximum CPU time.

Creating a thread in two ways

1. by extending Thread class

2. by implementing Runnable interface

10) Explain Thread Life cycle?

Life cycle of Thread:

MyThread t= if Thread Scheduler

new MyThread(); allocates cpu

Running State

Ready/Runnable state

New Born state

Dead State

t.start()

if run() completes once the Thread is started, there is no chance of starting the same thread once again. Violation leads to RTE saying IllegalThreadStateException.

11) Which is the best way for creating thread , by extending Thread class or by implementing Runnable interface?

Creating Thread in two ways

1. By extending Thread class and 2. By implementing Runnable interface

Among the above two positions of creating thread it is highly recommended to use implements Runnable interface.

In the first case(extends Thread), our thread class extends java.lang.Thread hence no chance of extending anything else. Hence we are missing the key benefit of OOP’s concept inheritance.

12) why wait(),notify(), notifyAll() methods are in Object class instead of Thread class?

Because, these methods can be applied on common shared object, not on the Thread.

In order to call wait(), notify(), notifyAll() on any object ,we should be the owner of that object.

i.e we are allowed to call wait(), notify(), notifyAll() methods from the synchronized context conly (then only we will get the lock of that object and we will become owner of that object).

If we call wait(), notify(), notifyAll() from non-synchronized context, we will get a RuntimeException saying “IllegalMonitorStateException: not a owner”.

If the thread call wait() method, first it releases the lock and then it will go for waiting state. If the waiting thread gets ‘notification call or time expected’ or ‘got interruption’ then it will go another blocked state for getting lock. Once the thread got the lock, it will go to the ready state.

After calling wait method immediately releases the lock but after giving notify call the thread may not release the lock immediately.

The only method which causes the releasing of lock is waiting method.

But in the case of sleep(), join() or yield() the thread never releases the lock.

A thread can acquire more than one lock at a time. A thread release the lock of an object on which it calls the wait() method. It never releases all the locks.

13) what is the difference between == operator and .equals() method?

We can apply for both primitive and object references.

s1==s2 is true if and only both s1,s2 pointing to same object on the heap. i.e == is always for reference (address) comparison only.

We can’t override for content comparison.

We can’t apply == operator for different types of objects. Violation leads to CTE saying incomparable types.

S1==null is always false.

.equals():

We can apply only for object references.

By default, .equals() present in the object class is meant for address comparison only

We can override (recommended for content comparison)

.equals() never raise any CTE or RTE’s even the arguments are different types. In that situation it will just simply returns false.

S1.equals(null) gives false when handle NPE .

14) what are different types of inner classes?

1. Normal or Regular Inner classes

2. Method local Inner classes

3. Anonymous Inner classes

4. Static Nested Inner classes

15)what is serialization? Explain?

The process of storing the state of an object to a file is called serialization.

The process of retrieving an object from the file is called deserialization.

By using read object method of ObjectInput stream we can achieve deserialization.

***Externalizable is sub interface of Serializable interface which contains two method readExternal(InputStream is) and writeExternal(OutputStream os) to work with serializable interface.

It is suggestable our java bean classes should implement Serialization.

An object is said to be Serializable if and only if the corresponding class implements Serializable interface(directly or indirectly).

The Serializable interface doesn’t contain any methods and it is an example of marker interface.

If the object is non-serializable, then we are not allow to save this object to the file. Violation leads to RTE saying “java.io.NotSerializableException”.

All the wrapper classes, collection classes and arrays of primitives already implemented Serializable interface. Hence these are serializable objects.

If you don’t want to save the value of a particular instance variable while performing serialization, then we have to declare those variables as transient.

**static variables are not part of object state hence they never they never participated in the Serialization process. A single copy of the static variable will exist and all the objects will share that copy.

Final variables also never participate in the serialization.

There is no effect of declaring a final or a static variable as transient.

OBJECT GRAPHS:

Whenever we are saving state of an object to the file all the objects which are reachable from that object by default saving to the file. This group of objects are called “ Object graphs”.

Whenever we are saving state of an object to the file, all the objects present in it’s object graph by default will save to the file. Hence all the objects present in the object graph also must be serializable. Violation leads to RTE saying “NotSerializableException”.

**customized Serialization:

During default Serialization there may b a chance of loss of information. To overcome this problem, we can perform customized serialization(manual Serialization).

We can perform customized serialization by using the following two callback methods.

1. Private void writeObject(OutputStream os){

--//code

}

2. Private void readObject(InputStream is){

--//code

}

The above two methods are called by JVM automatically at the time of serialization and deserialization. Hence those methods are considered as Callback methods.

Serialization in the inheritance:

Whenever we are adding a child class object to a file, parent class object will not save to the file because parent class objects are not part of state of child class objects.

If any variable is inherited from the parent that variable will also add to the file as a part of child class object.

If parent class is serializable, by default every child class is also serializable.

15) What is garbage collection?

In java programmer is responsible for creation of objects where as Garbage Collector is responsible for destroying the objects. Hence, in java memory problems we never face usually. As a result java language is considered as the ROBUST.

The negative side of Garbage Collector is ,if something goes wrong regarding object destruction the programmer is not in a position to debug.

Ways of requesting JVM to run GC:

We can request the JVM to run GC by using following ways.

a) By using System class:

By using System class method or by using Runtime class method, we can request the JVM to run GC. But JVM may accept the request, we can’t give any assurance for that(upto 1%) System class contain a method gc for requesting JVM to run GC.

Sytem.gc();

b) By using Runtime class:

Java application can communicate with the jvm by using Runtime class object. We can get a Runtime object by using the static method getRuntime() available in the Runtime class.

Runtime r=Runtime.getRuntime();

gc() is the instance method in Runtime class where as it is static method in System class.

Among the two approaches we can prefer System.gc() as it is static.

16)Tell me jdk1.5 features?

1.)Auto Boxing & Auto unBoxing

2)Generics:

Generics are used to provide type safety for the collection objects and we can resolve explicit typecasting problem. i.e no need to typecast at the time of retrieving elements from the collection.

Ex: ArrayList<String> l=new ArrayList<String>();

So, generics are nothing but parameterized collections because by using this we can define the type parameter.

Generic classes:

We are allowed to define type parameter for the classes. Such type of parameterized classes are called Generic classes.

We can Bound the type parameter in the Generic classes, by using ‘extends’ keyword.

Generics all can be used with methods.

Wildcard(?) character is also used in Generics.

3.)Enhanced or for each loop:

This loop has introduced in 1.5version. The limitation of this loop is, we can apply only for iterating the elements of Array and Collection.

int []a={1,2,3,4,5};

for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++){

System.out.println(a[i]);

}// conventional

for(int i:a){

System.out.println(i);

}//enhanced

4.)static imports:

5.)Enum(enumeration):

6.)StringBuilder:

It is exactly similar to StringBuffer expect all the methods are non-synchronized

When compared with StringBuffer the following are the advantages of StringBuilder.

1. High performance and 2. Operations are fast.

Data corruption is possible in the StringBuilder which is the major drawback of StringBuilder, when compared with StringBuffer.

StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder(“srini”);

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HR Round Interview Questions for all streams Part- 1

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